Exploring Gender and Caste Intersectionality among Muslims: A Sociological Study

Authors

  • Rabiya Yaseen Bazaz Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Pin 202002, India
  • Mohammad Akram Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Pin 202002, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.2.190.210

Keywords:

Key word: Gender, Caste, Education, Employment, Patriarchy

Abstract

Aim

Caste studies conducted among Muslims in India generally focus on establishing the existence of caste system among Muslims but they seldom talk about different types of oppression and inequalities faced byMuslim women.This empirical study exploreshow gender and caste identities and their mutual intersectionality impact education,occupation and income choices and actual attainments of Muslim women.

Methods

This study is part of a larger study conducted among Muslims of Kashmir in India.Primary datawas collected from 704 eligible respondents (Male=392, Female=312) using mixed methods. Three layers of ‘caste like’ and ‘caste’ groups existing in the research area are identified and gender situation within these groups are comparatively examined.

Results

Each of the ‘caste like’ and ‘caste’ groupshas patriarchal caste capital.Higher professions within the government and private services are largely acquired by upper caste male Muslims or other male and female Muslims having rich cultural and social capital. There is preponderance of lower caste male Muslims in low income self-employment but lower caste Muslim females seldom find say in family based business and compelled to join low paid private jobs. More than fifty percent educated Muslim females are unemployed.

Conclusion

Although patriarchy is the general rule here, not all women face discrimination and inequality in the same way. Upper caste Muslim women often witness so called benevolent restriction of choices whereas lower caste women are the most excluded and marginalised section of the society who face double discrimination due to patriarchy and interwoven caste positions which severely impacts their educational as well as employment choices and attainments. 

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Author Biographies

Rabiya Yaseen Bazaz, Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Pin 202002, India

Dr. Rabiya Yaseen Bazaz has completed her Ph.D. in Sociology from Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. She has recently joined as Lecturer of Women's Studies at Centre for Women's Studies and Research, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India. She has published research papers on gender, education, employment and work related topics. Her recent research papers got published in journals like Journal of Education Culture and Society, The Eastern Anthropologist and Education. 

Mohammad Akram, Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Pin 202002, India

Prof. Mohammad Akram has completed his Masters and Ph.D. in Sociology and working as Professor of Sociology at Department of Sociology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India. His areas of interest are education, social policies and health. He has authored books like Sociology of Health, Sociology of Sanitation, Tribal Health and few others. His recent papers got published in Economic and Political Weekly, Social Change, Journal of Education Culture and Society and Sociological Bulletin.

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Published

2021-09-25

How to Cite

Bazaz, R. Y. ., & Akram, M. (2021). Exploring Gender and Caste Intersectionality among Muslims: A Sociological Study. Journal of Education Culture and Society, 12(2), 190–210. https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.2.190.210